
National Reading Panel: Elements of Reading Instruction
The 5 Elements of Reading Instruction
In 1997, The National Reading Panel (NRP) was asked by Congress to assess the status of research-based knowledge about reading, including the effectiveness of various approaches to teaching children to read. Find out more about this process at http://www.nationalreadingpanel.org
The websites below help to explain the 5 Elements of Reading identified by the National Reading Panel as effective approaches that can be used to teach children to read. No Child Left Behind supports the development of these five areas of reading as foundational to reading development.
These 5 Elements of Reading instruction are foundational, but there are many other instructional approaches and forms of assessment that can inform instruction and promote reading achievement.
The International Reading Association’s commentary on Scientifically Based Reading Instruction:
http://www.reading.org/resources/issues/positions_evidence_based.html
The Fabulous Five Reading Components
1. Phonemic Awareness
Learn More About Phonemic Awareness
http://www.ncrel.org/rf/sbrr/phonemic.htm
http://reading.uoregon.edu/pa/index.php
http://www.sedl.org/pubs/sedl-letter/v14n03/3.html
Phonemic Awareness Activities
http://www.sasked.gov.sk.ca/docs/ela/e_literacy/awareness.html
http://www.ldonline.org/ld_indepth/teaching_techniques/cld_hownow.html
http://members.tripod.com/~esl4kids/phonics.html
Book Resources for Phonemic Awareness Development
http://www.learner.org/channel/workshops/readingk2/session3/resources.html
2. Phonics
Learn More About Phonics
http://www.reading.org/resources/issues/positions_phonics.html
http://www.eduplace.com/rdg/res/literacy/phonics0.html
http://www.projectpro.com/ICR/Research/Phonics/Summary.htm
http://www.readingrockets.org/article.php?ID=10
3. Fluency
Learn More About Fluency
http://www.auburn.edu/~murraba/fluency.html
http://www.nifl.gov/partnershipforreading/publications/reading_first1fluency.html
http://www.ncrel.org/rf/sbrr/fluency.htm
http://www.reading.org/publications/journals/rt/v58/i2/abstracts/RT-58-2-Griffith.html
Research Resources
http://www.ncrel.org/rf/sbrr/fluenres.htm
4. Vocabulary
Vocabulary Instruction in General
http://www.vtaide.com/png/ERIC/Vocab-Comprehension.htm
http://www.manateemiddle.org/phonics/newpage25.htm
http://www.ncsd.k12.pa.us/pssa/Reading/rihand15.htm
Vocabulary in the Primary Grades
http://www.ldonline.org/ld_indepth/teaching_techniques/ellis_clarifying.html
http://www.ncrel.org/litweb/comp48/vocab.htm
http://literacy.edreform.net/resource/2900
http://www.nifl.gov/partnershipforreading/publications/reading_first1vocab.html
Vocabulary at the Secondary Level
http://www.readingonline.org/articles/art_index.asp?HREF=curtis/index.html
http://www.readingonline.org/articles/art_index.asp?HREF=/articles/curtis/index.html
http://curry.edschool.virginia.edu/go/readquest/strat/wordmap.html
5. Comprehension
Comprehension in General
http://www.ncrel.org/rf/sbrr/comprehn.htm
http://www.reading.org/resources/issues/focus_comprehension.html
Comprehension in the Primary Grades
http://www.abcteach.com/directory/reading_comprehension
http://www.readingrockets.org/
http://www.ciera.org/library/presos/2004/csi/sparis.pdf
Comprehension at the Secondary Level
http://www.ciera.org/library/presos/2004/csi/dalv.pdf
http://www.reading.org/resources/issues/focus_adolescent_reading.html
Additional Resources
Research and Resources
http://www.ncrel.org/rf/sbrr/compres.htm
http://www.reading.org/resources/issues/focus_comprehension_reading.html
Graphic Organizers
http://www.nifl.gov/partnershipforreading/publications/reading_first1vocab.html
http://www.graphic.org/goindex.html
http://www.eduplace.com/graphicorganizer
Motivation
http://www.literacytrust.org.uk/Research/readmotivabstracts.html
http://www.readingonline.org/articles/handbook/guthrie
http://curry.edschool.virginia.edu/go/clic/nrrc/gambrell.html
http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/motivation/motivate.html
http://www.middleweb.com/StdntMotv.html
English Language Learners
http://www.readingrockets.org/article.php?ID=409
http://iteslj.org/Articles/Stott-Schema.html
http://www.reading.org/publications/journals/rrq/v39/i2/abstracts/RRQ-39-2-Carlo.html
http://www.wested.org/policy/pubs/fostering